RADIATION STUDIES VOL. 9

"Radiation Studies" Volume IX includes the reports of VII Conference of Georgian radiobiologists, devoted to 20th anniversary of Georgian Institute of Agricultural Radiology Prepared for Publication Collections of Works:

Georgian Academy of Agricultural Science
SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RADIOLOGY
THE INFORMATION CONCERNS THE INSTITUTE'S WORK

In 1979 Georgian Scientific-Research Laboratory of Radiobiology (with Institute's status) was established. It was the first independent combined establishment In 1985 on the basis of the laboratory was founded Georgian Scientific - Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology. The aim of its organization was carrying out scientific researches on a large scale and ñî - ordination of investigations in the republic.

For a period of some years in the Institute were worked out methods of radiation control (monitoring), were carried out investigations and some principles of measures on decreasing transition of uranic elements from soil to plants. After Chernobyl accident is being systematically carried out radiation control of imported and exported agricultural products. The Institute took part in projecting the building that is from the radiological point of view strategically important for the Republic.
For example the building of inguri and Khudon hydro - electric power stations. Also institute took part in projecting the building of Georgian military motorcar roads and liquidation works after Chernobyl's accident.
Studying processes of genesis of humus by trace radioactive carbon methods permitted theoretically to give proof to practical measures that allow controlling fertility of agricultural lands for a long period of time.
As a result of selective works on perennial plants by radiation methods the vine cultivars "Daisi" and "lasperi rkatziteli", were send to test and the vine cultivar "Saamo" has been distributed in 1 Georgian zone. On the basis of carried out works were given recommendation on growing cuttings by special method: presowing radiation of peach stone (g-(radiation 80 gray) in order to increase exit of a grafting material (14-20%).
To make easier selective works were carried out some works on stock of mulberry tree components in order to overcome their incompatibility. For prior diagnostics was used g-radiation as well as immune-chemical methods. The results gave foundation to use radiation for growing the mulberry trees cuttings. Way out of cuttings increased on 15-20% and biomass increased on 60-70%.
On the basis of received dates was given authorship. Also very effective is treatment of vine cuttings in 5-8 gray doze. Exit of cuttings increased on 15%. Researches were done with different physical factors (including b-g laser radiation and stable magnetic field).
Comparative investigations were carried out increase crop capacity of beans and maize. Production tests showed the perceptivity of g-rays and magnetic fields use, and also the perspectivity of ones - only magnetic field's radiation. The maize crop capacity increased on 14% and beans on 25%. Were done researches on stability against environmental factors, on mechanized harvesting of beans and growing of highly productive bean cultures. Were studied wheat cultures and triticali against such disease as rust and etc.
Were established the intervals of g-radiation where is expected the best mutation combination. Joint works with Moscow Physic -Chemical Institute on effective use of biologically active matters found out how they effect on agricultural cultivates productivity and their stability against different kind of diseases in extremal environment conditions. Together with Institute of Agricultural Radiology, Obninsk, were found out functional peculiarities of bringing in agricultural production under special circumstances.
The received results were formed as recommendations to manufactures. Was studied how to keep onion in store houses and it's double radiation in order to keep it without using cold - storage. Was worked out the technology on wastes treatment and processing of agricultural production with the use of accelerate electrons in order to increase nourishing qualities. In order to carryout all the work the following departments were established:

  • Department of Radio-Ecology;
  • Laboratory of Tool-making Facilities;
  • Laboratory of Radiation Agricultural Chemistry;
  • Laboratory of Radiation Biochemistry;
  • Department of Plants Radiobiology; I Group of Radiobiological Effects;II Group of Genetic Effects and Group of Bioindication.
  • Department of Radiation Biophysics;
  • Department of Animal's Radiobiology;
  • Department of Information and Business. That gets in touch with IEZA: Scientific - Research Institutes and structures.

The Institute in ifs research work uses modem technical equipment and field - experiments base. The institute takes an active part in Conferences on ecology and also carries out Conferences on the up-to date level. On the basis of Radiology Institute has being existed since 1992, Tbilisi Applied Ecological Institute with the following specialities: Agroecology, Zooecology, Forestecology, and the Ecology of Retreatment Industry.

Editor: Zauri Chankseliani,
Director of the Institute, Doctor of Agricultural Science

Contents

THE AGRICULTURAL-SCIENTIFIC RADIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GEORGIA IS 20 YEARS OLD
Z. Chancseliani, G. Masharashvili.

THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION STIMULATING DOSES ON THE CONDITION OF PHYTOHORMINAL REGULATION SYSTEM AT THE CALLUSOGENESIS
M.Gogebashvili, L.Phaladze, G.Macharachvili, N.Ivanishvili

THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON THE IMMUNE ABILITY OF PLANT TISSUES AT PHYTOPATHOGENIC MICROOFGANISMS
N.Ivanishvili, M.Gogebashvili

ARTICLES ABOUT REABILITATION MEASURESIN CONDITION POSIBLE CONTAMINATION OF MESKHETI-GAVAKHETI GROUND BY RADIONUCLIIDES
E. Bibiluri, Z. Chankseliani, G. Matcharashvili

THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON THE STRUCTURE OF METAMERICAL IN OCIMUM GRADISSIMUM L.
I.
Razmadze, M.Gogebachvili

THE INFLUENCE OF REMAINS CULTIVATED BY FAST ELECTRONS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN CATTLE
L. Gonjilashvili

PROGNOSTICATION OF ECOLOGICAL COMPUTABILITY OF PLANT RADIOBIOLOGICAL REACTIONS ON CENOSIS LEVEL
M. Mikeladze., A. Chaduneli., M. Gogebashvili

THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON THE CROP CAPACITY AND CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF FRUIT IN PEACH PLANTS
M. Kobaladze, Z. Chankseliani

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH- EFFICIENT MEDICAL PREPARATS ON THE BASIS OF IOD CONTENT ALGAE SPIRULINA PLATENSIS
A.Khizanishvili, L. Tugushi, A. Belokobilsky, N. Tsibakhashvili, L. Mosulishvili

JOINT ACTION OF IONISING RADIATION AND ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS PESTICIDE ON ANIMALS VIABILITY
N. N. Partskchaladze

ECONOMIC-BIOLOGIEAL CHARACTERS OF VEGETABLE PLANTS IRRADIATED BY GAMMA - RAYS
C. Peikrishvili, Z. Chankseliani

NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF BLUISH-GREEN ALGA SPIRULINA PLATENSIS: DETERMINATION OF SODIUM, ALUMINUM AND MANGANESE
N.E.Kuchava, A.I.Belokobilski, V.Ya.Kintsurashvili, E.N.Ginturi, L.M.Mosulishvili

RADIATION BACKGROUND OF WESTERN GEORGIA AND DOSE OF EXTERNAL EXPOSURE OF PUBLIC
K.Gelashvili, N.Vepkhvadze, M. Tsitskishvili, N.Katamadze, T.Gelovani, B.Zurashvili, M.Giorgobiani, N.Kiladze, N. Jologua, G. Eradze, N.Tskhovrebadze

THE INTERNAL IRRADIATION AND THE ONKOLOGICAL SICK RATE OF IMERETI REGION
K.Gelashvili, T.Melkadze

EPOCH OF CHERNOBYL IN THE CAUCASUS (1986-1998)
M.S. Tsitskishvili

TRENING IF GEORGIA POPULATION USING IONIZING RAYS FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES
R.E.khazaradze, N.A.Arabuli

NUCLEAR ENERGETICS AND RADIATION SAFETY
N. Katamadze

INFLUENCE OF ANDROGENES ON THE ADAPTIVE PROCESSES IN THE MALE RATS BODY IN ALLOXAN DIABETES
N. A. Didebulidze, N. K. Chichinadze

THE ROLE OF TRANSMEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF SODIUM, POTASSIUM AND CALCIUM IONS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF DNA IN TUMOUR CELLS IN CONDITIONS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE
A. V. Mtskhvetadze, M. S. Gogoberishvili

ACTION OF REPEATED X-RADIATION IN SUBLETHAL DOSES WITH 3 MONTHS INTERVAL ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY(HRV) IN MALE CHINCHILLA RABBITS
I.Meskhishvili

ACTION OF TRIPLE X-IRRADIATION IN SUBLETHAL DOSES WITH 3 MONTHS INTERVALS ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN MALE CHINCHILLA RABBITS
I. Meskhishvili

ACTION OF SIGNAL X-IRRADATION IN LETHAL DOSE(9 GY) ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN MALE CHINCHILA RABBITS
D. Kakhiani

INFLUENCE OF HYPOMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE SEPTAL AND RAPHE NUCLEI NEURONAL AND GLIAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE
I.Bregvadze, V.Sandodze

INFLUENCE OF HYPOMAGNETIC MEDIUM ON PROLIFERATION ACTIVITY OF THE HIPPOCAMPAL FASCIA DENTATA AND AMMON’S HORN SUPRAFIMBRIAL CELLS IN EARLY- AND LATE ONTOGENESIS
V.Sandodze

INFLUENCE OF EXTENDED EXPOSURE TO THE POWER-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE BEHAVIOR OF RATS IN "OPEN FIELD"
I.Maisuradze

EFFECT OF POWER-FREQUENCY EMF ON RATS’ BEHAVIOR AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF FREE AMINO-ACIDS IN CEREBRAL CORTEX
G.Jordanishvili, G.Magradze, M.Nikolaishvili, N.Melitauri, M.Kakabadze

THE ANALYSIS OF MEMORY AND BEHAVIOR OF RATS DURING THE PERIOD OF THEIR ANTENATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT AFTER THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
L.B.Tsitskishvili

NEW METHOD OF INVESTIGATION OF RED BLOOD SYSTEM
G.Ormotsadze, K.Nadareishvili

Abstracts of Volume 9

THE AGRICULTURAL-SCIENTIFIC RADIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GEORGIA IS 20 YEARS OLD
Z. Chancseliani, G. Masharashvili.

The article reviews the story of formation and development of the institute as of an independent scientific departments. The main directions taught during 20 years of the institute existence have been couted.The scientific work of the specialists working here during these years has been remarked shortly. The theoretical and practical scientific directions researched in the departments of the institute and scientific perspective plans that must be realized in a near future have been reviewed.

Georgian Academy of Agrocultural Sciences Scientific-Research Institute of Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 5-10 
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THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION STIMULATING DOSES ON THE CONDITION OF PHYTOHORMINAL REGULATION SYSTEM AT THE CALLUSOGENESIS
M.Gogebashvili, L.Phaladze, G.Macharachvili, N.Ivanishvili

Biological activity of endogenic phitohormones, which are by nature trigger-effectors, is shown at the influence of stimulating doses. Grape tissues at callusogenesis reaction is used as a material for investigation. The short-timed growth of phytohormones activity is remarked with the following leveling of this effect. The importance of functional condition induced by phytohormones bioactivity is ascertained for formation of the new level of induction and development.

Georgian Academy of Agrocultural Sciences Scientific-Research Institute of Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 11-17 

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THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON THE IMMUNE ABILITY OF PLANT TISSUES AT PHYTOPATHOGENIC MICROOFGANISMS
N.Ivanishvili, M.Gogebashvili

The necrosition intensity of plant tissues was used as a criterion at various virulent microorganism influence. It was shown that in postradiation period the distruction of plant tissues immune system happens. At infection by pathogenic microorganisms Fusarium solani and Verticillium lateritium, which are different in specifity and virulence, the responce character shows the negative changes in whole defence system of plant organism, which is expressed in necrosition level increase with gamma-irradiation doses increase. This fact must be taken into account at radiation application in practical aspects.

Georgian Academy of Agrocultural Sciences Scientific-Research Institute of Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 18-25

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ARTICLES ABOUT REABILITATION MEASURESIN CONDITION POSIBLE CONTAMINATION OF MESKHETI-GAVAKHETI GROUND BY RADIONUCLIIDES
E. Bibiluri, Z. Chankseliani, G. Matcharashvili

The study reviews the radioecological situation Meskhet-Javakheti region befor 1985 and after 1986 years. The special emphasis is given to the research of wind direction. The article gives also the statistical data on the distribution of avable land and population. The study recommends the measures which should be undetaken for protecting soil, flora and food-staffs in case of vadionuclides polution.

Georgian Academy of Agrocultural Sciences Scientific-Research Institute of Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 26-35

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THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON THE STRUCTURE OF METAMERICAL IN OCIMUM GRADISSIMUM L.
I.
Razmadze, M.Gogebachvili

In the study the dynamics of formation of basic metamerical organs under the cute exposure of gamma-irradiation has been shown. Data are given about the apical growth of main trunk, the formation of branches of primary and secondary lines and the intensivity of the growth of inflorescences. The conclusion was drawn that by usage of gamma-irradiation the governing of the growth of the metamerical is possible.

Georgian Academy of Agrocultural Sciences Scientific-Research Institute of Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 36-42

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THE INFLUENCE OF REMAINS CULTIVATED BY FAST ELECTRONS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN CATTLE
L. Gonjilashvili

The effect of wastes, procossed by accelerated electrons, on physiological development (processes) of young neat cattle. Following wastesprocessing of plant s raw with accelerated electrons as fodders of factory s origin so mixed fodders, the coefficient of digestion of fodder ration has increased.
Biological and morphological picture of blood was within phisiological norms. We recommend to use wastes,processed by accelerated electrons in cattle s fodder in order te fill up the fodder sources and improve ecological situation in processing industry.

Georgian Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology.

Georgian Agricultural Scientific Academy.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 43-51


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PROGNOSTICATION OF ECOLOGICAL COMPUTABILITY OF PLANT RADIOBIOLOGICAL REACTIONS ON CENOSIS LEVEL
M. Mikeladze., A. Chaduneli., M. Gogebashvili

The study represents mathematical model for prognostication of effects induced by gamma-irradiation on plant covers under cute exposure. This model is ascertained to enable to calculate survival probability of each plant in cenosis on the range of developmental stages. Mathematical model is studied for the possibility to be used for prognostication of results of plant development and its relation with other plants in cenosis.

Georgian Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology, Georgian Agricultural Scientific Academy.

Institute of Calculating Mathematics, Scientific Academy of Georgia.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 52-57


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THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON THE CROP CAPACITY AND CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF FRUIT IN PEACH PLANTS
M. Kobaladze, Z. Chankseliani

The periodical alteration of crop capacity and the one of chemical indicators have been shown to be observed in parallel with alteration of ionizating gamma-irradiation dose concerning specification of breeds. Because of some interesting changes the three form of middle maturity period have been selecded. The experiments have shown that by application of gamma-irradiation the forms of practical importance could be obtained.

Georgian Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology,

Georgian Agricultural Scientific Academy.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 58-61


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INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH- EFFICIENT MEDICAL PREPARATS ON THE BASIS OF IOD CONTENT ALGAE SPIRULINA PLATENSIS
A.Khizanishvili, L. Tugushi, A. Belokobilsky, N. Tsibakhashvili, L. Mosulishvili

In the present work the technology of preparation of homogenic Iod content biomass on the basis of algae Sp. Platensis is described. The possibility of manufacturing of a preparat with any predetermined concentration of Iod is shown. The results of the investigation of physico-chimical properties of the samples prepared with the proposed technology is given. The Iod contents in the interval 100-200 mg for profilactic purposes, and 200-500 mg interval for medical purposes are recommended.

Georgian Academy of Sciensce E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 62-68


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JOINT ACTION OF IONISING RADIATION AND ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS PESTICIDE ON ANIMALS VIABILITY
N. N. Partskchaladze

It has been shown that daily administration of chlorofos directly to the stomach of the rats (100 mg|kg) irradiated with a minimum lethal dose of -radiation improves general view, significantly increases the mass and reduces bronchopneumonic frequences opposed to the control group. The administration of chlorofos in the same doses, but to the rats irradiat at the dose of LD50, does not effect animals suvivability, as it stayed the same as in the control irradiated gvoup.

Georgian Academy of Agricultuval Sciences Scientific-Reseavch Institute of Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 69-73


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ECONOMIC-BIOLOGIEAL CHARACTERS OF VEGETABLE PLANTS IRRADIATED BY GAMMA - RAYS
C. Peikrishvili, Z. Chankseliani

By experiments conducted the influence of gamma-irradiation of various doses on the Agricultural plants before planting is ascertained. In various agricultural plants doses are differend, and the cunduction of phenological ways are also different.

Ceorgian Scientific-research Institute of Agricultural Radiology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 74-79 


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NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF BLUISH-GREEN ALGA SPIRULINA PLATENSIS: DETERMINATION OF SODIUM, ALUMINUM AND MANGANESE
N.E.Kuchava, A.I.Belokobilski, V.Ya.Kintsurashvili, E.N.Ginturi, L.M.Mosulishvili

Quantitative content of sodium, aluminum and manganese in dry samples of bluish-green alga Spirulina Platensis has been studied in the work by the method of instrumental neutron analysis.

TSMU Departament of Preventive Medicine.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 80-86

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RADIATION BACKGROUND OF WESTERN GEORGIA AND DOSE OF EXTERNAL EXPOSURE OF PUBLIC
K.Gelashvili, N.Vepkhvadze, M. Tsitskishvili, N.Katamadze, T.Gelovani, B.Zurashvili, M.Giorgobiani, N.Kiladze, N. Jologua, G. Eradze, N.Tskhovrebadze

Radiation background of open areas and buidings of different functional perpose of western Georgia - Adjara, Samegrelo, Guria, Lanchkhuti, c.Poti and dose of external exposure of public - have been studied. The most low radiation background have been registered in Adjara - 88-111nGy/h, relatively higer radiation background in Samegrelo - 132 nGy/h, and buildings in Guria - 122 nGy/h. Radiation background of mentioned regions are in limits of countres with incrased radiation background. Annual dose of exposure of public fluctuated in limits 0,81-1,09 mSv/y.

TSMU Departament of Preventive Medicine.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 87-97

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THE INTERNAL IRRADIATION AND THE ONKOLOGICAL SICK RATE OF IMERETI REGION
K.Gelashvili, T.Melkadze

The internal irradiation of population of the Imereti region caused by biogenically dangerous radionuclides Sr-90 and Cs-137 is calculated between 1970-97 years. Simultaneously oncological diseases are studied between 1981-95 years. The cause and effect consequence is defined between internal irradiation and oncological diseases.

TSMU Departament of Preventive Medicine.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 98-102

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EPOCH OF CHERNOBYL IN THE CAUCASUS (1986-1998)
M.S. Tsitskishvili

From the sacral-epochal sense of the 12-year cycle. Can rightfully consider the "epoch of Chernobyl" to have been terminated. Since the first days of May 1986 there have been radioactive rainfall on the Blacksea coast of the Caucasus, Colchis lowland and high mountaineous regions of Georgia. Already on May 2-3 1986 in sample of Sukhumi and on May 3-4 in Tbilisi radiometric network of Georgian hydrometer fixed the existence of "fresh" i.e. short-dife isotopes. We have earlier published several special studies of group of authors - the results of State target projects. Estimation of variation in time and space of dose loadings of population in the Transcaucasus is realized by radioecological monitoring- by the system of reiterative observation on the elements of surrounding natural environment with definite purposes in terms of the predetermined programmes of multitarget informational character, with the evaluation of factual and prognosing state. Optimization of the network of radioecological monitoring in theTranscaucasus occurs taking into account the peculiarities of dessimination of natural sources of radiation and the detected distribution of global radioactive fall-outs. In the period of maximum global radioactive fall-outs we have demonstrated that together with extreme North and Woodlands, mountinous Georgia also belongs to "biochemically hot" regions. Anomalous districts were detected with increased, almost by one order, penetration of strontium-90 and cesium-137 into the human body.
After 12 years since the Chernobyl disaster, radionuclide situation on the Black sea coast of Georgia has stabilized. At the present time it is not dangerous to utilize the agricultural products of local production, as well as wildly grown berries, mushrooms and fruit. The external gamma-background has approached the natural level.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 103-134

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TRENING IF GEORGIA POPULATION USING IONIZING RAYS FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES
R.E.khazaradze, N.A.Arabuli

The article contains Georgian population radiation data, reseived as a result of X-ray diagnostical procedures in 1971-1998 years. Effective equivalent radiation dose ranged from 0,01 to 16 vzv per year.
Frequency of X-ray examination in stomatological, mammographic and computer tomography examinations as well as radio-pharmaceutic peparations usage are studied.

National Center of Higiene of the Ministry of Health.

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 120-125

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NUCLEAR ENERGETICS AND RADIATION SAFETY
N. Katamadze

The data on the development of the world nuclear energetics have been presented in the work. Some data on the results of the influence of accidents in atomic energy stations on the environment, including the effect of Chernobil disaster on radiation situation in Georgia are presented. Some problems of radioecology are considered in connection with the neutralization of radioactive waste.

E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Sciences

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 126-134

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INFLUENCE OF ANDROGENES ON THE ADAPTIVE PROCESSES IN THE MALE RATS BODY IN ALLOXAN DIABETES
N. A. Didebulidze, N. K. Chichinadze

The studies are carried out on the intact sterile "alloxan diabetic" the "Vistar" line male rats, and the "alloxan diabetic" ones, having been given the synthetic androgene – methiltrienolon, with the body weight of 180 – 200 gramms.
By means of radioautographic and radiometric methods the androgene receptors in the myocard of the experimental animals of all groups were identified, that evidenced the direct effect of the androgenes upon cardiomyocytes. It was detected that the alloxan diabetes development in animals that is followed by increase of sugar plasmic concentrations and that contrinsular hormones, as well as by decrease of testosteron concentration and development of the pathological processes in the cardiac muscle that are characterized by the expressed, intensive increase of AP content in the myocard, that evidences increased need in the androgenes. Two weeks injection of the phisiological dozes of methiltrienolon to the "alloxan diabetic" animals caused decrease in their blood sugar and contrinsular hormones concentrations as well as approaching to the norm of testosteron plasmic concentration and AP content in the myocard, accompanied by appearance of the morphological signs of intracellular regeneration in the cardiomyocytes. This phenomena for our mind points at the positive influence of the androgenes on the adaptive processes taking place in the rat males body while the alloxan diabetes development.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

The A. N. Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 135-144

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THE ROLE OF TRANSMEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF SODIUM, POTASSIUM AND CALCIUM IONS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF DNA IN TUMOUR CELLS IN CONDITIONS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE
A. V. Mtskhvetadze, M. S. Gogoberishvili

The aim of present study was to reveal correlation between DNA content in tumour cells and sodium, potassium and calcium ions transmembrane transport level, both in intact cells and in cells after radiation of different doses. As a result, activation of transmembrane transport of above mentioned ions in tumour cells (sarcoma-37) in comparison with normal fibroblasts, has been observed. And DNA content in cells is related with intensity of ions transmembrane transport. Ionizing radiation in the dose of 200 rad suppresses sodium, potassium and calcium ions transport in tumour cells and DNA content in them correspondingly. Ions concentration augmentation in tumour cells, occurred, due to their malignisation, brings to calcium ions active transport activation, as a result more amount of these ions moves into intercellular space, witch in potential can contribute to restoration of cells adhesion strength and can be regarded as a certain reserve of cell stabilization.

Oncological scientific Center

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 145-151

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ACTION OF REPEATED X-RADIATION IN SUBLETHAL DOSES WITH 3 MONTHS INTERVAL ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY(HRV) IN MALE CHINCHILLA RABBITS
I.Meskhishvili

Main parameters of time-dumain(TD) and frequency-domain(FD) analysis of HRV were sdudied in male rabbits during passive wakefulness before and during 3 months after sublethal(2.0Gy) total repeated X-irradation. By comparison of the results of TD analysis and their derivative indices, as well as main parameters of spectral analysis two groups of rabbits with various initial level of regulation of cardiac activity and radiosensitivity were distinguished: group I with the predominance of the cholinergic system activity and group II whith the predominance of adrenergic one, relatively more sensitive to X-rays.
During the first 3 days after second irradiation heart rate, amplitude of mode (AMo), tension index (TI), index of vegetative balance (VB), adequacy of regulation processes (APR) and vegetative index of rhythm (VIR) were reliably increased (P<0.05-0.001), but the mode (Mo), standard deviation (STD) and range of variability (DX) were decreased in both groups of animals. Then the state was relatively stabilized, but similar alterations lasted 2 weeks and 2 months in the second group of rabbits. At the end of 3 months most of the TD parameters were not statistically authentically different from initial parameters in both groups of animals, but still the heart rate and Mo were increased (P<0.01). Analogous changes were observed in the FD criteria. They were more pronounced and prolonged in the rabbits of II group, but after 1 month of irradiation in both groups of animals the results of TD and FD analysis clearly showed that intrinsic regulation mechanisms for homeostatic purposes were maximally increased. It is very important that similar results were also indicated after first X-irradiation.Details of this finding will be discussed in subsequent publications.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 152-160

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ACTION OF TRIPLE X-IRRADIATION IN SUBLETHAL DOSES WITH 3 MONTHS INTERVALS ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN MALE CHINCHILLA RABBITS
I. Meskhishvili

Main parameters of time-domain(TD) and frequency-domain(FD) analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) were studied in male chinchilla rabbits during 77 days after third sublethal (2.0 Gy) total X-irradiation. By comparison of the results of TD and FD analysis two groups of rabbits were not distinguished and the changes of HRV were not more pronounced and prolonged after the first two irradiation. After 24h of third X-irradiation only heart rate and mode were changed; after 3 days the range of variability decreased and tension index increased too; then the state was relatively stabilized, but after 1 month of irradiation index of vegetative balance, adequacy of regulation processes and vegetative index of rhythm were reliably decreased (P<0.05). At the end of 2 months all of the TD parameters were statistically authentic difference from initial parameters, but at the end of observation only slight bradycardia and the increased mode occurred. FD analysis has shown that only after 1 month of third (as after the first two)irradiation total power (P<0.05), range of very low frequency(P<0.01), as well as high and low frequencies (P<0.1) were incresed. At the end of observation LF/HF ratio was increased too. Therefore, our rhythmocardiological studies suggest that the late effects of cardiac rhythm regulation abnormalities in sublethally irradiated rabbits result from insufficiency of authonomic regulatory mechanisms.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 161-165

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ACTION OF SIGNAL X-IRRADATION IN LETHAL DOSE(9 GY) ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN MALE CHINCHILA RABBITS
D. Kakhiani

Using the update methods of investigation, the importance of initial vago-sympathetic tension after irradiation of Chinchilla rabbits in fatal doses was studied.
The mean life span of vagotonic was shown to be twice more than of sympathicotonics and varies within 15-25 days in the former, not exceeding in the latter.
There is no distinct difference in the dynamics of HRV total spectral power density. Suffice it to say that in the initial state (baseline) this parameter appears to be almost five times more in the first group of animals that in the other (166.0 and 41.0 ms2, respectively). After irradiation in both cases there occurs a sharp decrease of total spectrum. But in the first group since the first hour of exposure and in the subsequent days there is at least 5-7 fold decrease, while in group II only 2-3 fold decrease.
Following the exposure of rabbits in 9Gy dose, it is most characteristic that in both groups the entire postradiation period including the terminal proceeds against the background of a dramatic decrease of total spectrum.
At the some time , if in group I the decrease in total spectrum occurs solely at the expense of VLF component, in group II it is at the expense of attenuation of all spectral components. This indicates that in group I the vago-sympathetic balance has been more or less maintained after the exposure , while in the animals of group II. The neuro-vegetative adaptation resources have been exhausted from the very first day of irradiation. This most be one of the reasons and marker of the indispensable fact that animals of group II perish much earlier than of group I from minimal lethal doses.
Thus , total X-radiation in minimal lethal dose (9Gy) has proved once again that sympaticotonic rabbits (group II) are relatively low radioresistent with the initial prevalence of adrenergic regulating mechanism. In vagotonics , in case of 9 Gy exposure, on the face of progressively developing bradycardya , there occurs have variation of the HRV basic time parameters lasting about 3-4 days. Concomitantly develops an acute decay of total spectrum within the entire domain. Although , as judged by LF and HF variations, in the first days there is prevalence of sympathetic tone, while from the 5th day on of parasympathetic one. These shifts attain their maximum in the preterminal stage. In sympathicotonics the same dose of exposure in first 3-4 days causes relative tahycardya which later on passes into bradycardya.
As the some time , both the time domain and frequency domain parameters of HRV, as well as the changes developing on the eve of death are similar in both groups, although they are more pronounced in sympathicotonics.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 166-180

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INFLUENCE OF HYPOMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE SEPTAL AND RAPHE NUCLEI NEURONAL AND GLIAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE
I.Bregvadze, V.Sandodze

Influences of the hypomagnetic (5000 nT) medium on the neuronal and glial cells of the septum pellucidum- and raphe nuclei has been studied in the tissue culture. It was found that the fibrous astrocytes and nervous cells possess an exceptionally high sensitivity. Hypomagnetic medium exerts an unfavourable influence on their structure.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 181-187

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INFLUENCE OF HYPOMAGNETIC MEDIUM ON PROLIFERATION ACTIVITY OF THE HIPPOCAMPAL FASCIA DENTATA AND AMMON’S HORN SUPRAFIMBRIAL CELLS IN EARLY- AND LATE ONTOGENESIS
V.Sandodze

According to the literary data the neuroblasts of hippocampal fascia dentata belong in the most active cytogenetic population. However, as concerned the cytogenesis duration, there are differences in these cells. The source of cellular proliferation for these regions of hippocampus are the ventricular regions of lateral ventricles, while following their exhaistion - local proliferation of the cambial cells and the glioblasts. In the Ammon’s horn such a region is presented by the suprafimbrial zone, where proliferation occurs mostly in the embryonal period, while in the postembryonal period proliferation occurs on the early stages of ontogenesis only. Local proliferation zone for the fascia dentata cells is represented by suprafimbrial zone, in which the proliferation process occurs most intensively and, during first three weeks of life, about 80% of the granular layer cells are formed.
Insofar the normal development of one or the other organ of the organism is linked with proliferation activity of the precursor-cells and, according to the reference data, the hypomagnetic medium-induced heterogeneous alterations are especially evident in embryonal- and early postnatal periods, we have endeavored to investigate effects of zero magnetic induction environment on the proliferation activity of the subgranular cells in fascia dentata at early- and late stages of ontogenesis, and on proliferation activity of the cells in the Ammon’s horn suprafimbrial zone – in an early ontogenesis.
Experiments were carried out in the new-born outbred rats. Experiments concerned with the studies of proliferation activity in fascia dentata, were performed in 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, and 17-days old rats, while experiments concerned with proliferation activity in the Ammon’s horn, were performed in 1, 3, 5, and 7-days old rats. Experimental animals were kept in the zero magnetic environment, and their age coincided with the hypomagnetic exposure duration. Control animals were maintained in the normal geomagnetic conditions.
Analysis of the experimental data has shown that both decrease and increase of proliferation activity in the above brain structures is the case in the both hemispheres. An inverse proportional relations between the mitotic indices were found in experimental and control animals; At the same time, the data mean difference was statistically reliable, with 95% significance.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 188-196

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INFLUENCE OF EXTENDED EXPOSURE TO THE POWER-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE BEHAVIOR OF RATS IN "OPEN FIELD"
I.Maisuradze

Influence of 180 minutes exposure to the several induction power-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the behavior of rats in "Open field" was investigated. Various induction EMF was shown to have a different effect on the same behavioral acts of rats in "Open field". The same induction EMF induced varied changes in behavior when exposure time was different. In our opinion, this speaks of sensitiveness of rats’ emotional-motivational sphere to the strong ecological factor of the modern world, as electromagnetic fields are.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 197-205

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EFFECT OF POWER-FREQUENCY EMF ON RATS’ BEHAVIOR AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF FREE AMINO-ACIDS IN CEREBRAL CORTEX
G.Jordanishvili, G.Magradze, M.Nikolaishvili, N.Melitauri, M.Kakabadze

The action of chronic exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) at the induction of 1,5 mT on the rats’ aggressiveness and their behavior in Open Field as well as on the distribution of free amino-acids in cerebral cortex was studied. Statistically significant changes were shown in the distribution of free amino-acids after exposure which manifested themselves with different changes in rats’ aggressiveness and their behavior in Open Field: chronic non-stop exposure caused loss of aggressiveness against grasshoppers.
Using the new computer program for the testing in Open Field, there was indicated that the rats which have increased aggressiveness against grasshoppers, show decreased emotionality in Open Field. Elimination of aggressiveness and decrement of emotionality on the one hand and decrement of locomotive and orientation-exploratory activities, on the other hand were also indicated. In Open Field statistically significant changes were seen also in locomotive orientation-exploratory and emotional activities of rats.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 206-217

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THE ANALYSIS OF MEMORY AND BEHAVIOR OF RATS DURING THE PERIOD OF THEIR ANTENATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT AFTER THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
L.B.Tsitskishvili

The rats that were in the surrounding of electromagnetic induction field of (50-60Hz) 1-1,5 mT net frequency on all their development stage, were tested. Their emotional-motivational behavior was studied by the method of "open field" and the memory of their psychomotoral mood was studied in accordance with the method of passive isolation offered by Esman and Alpern.As we think, the influence expressed in the emotional sphere of animals some infringements in memorial sphere are connected with this fact. The fact, that during the "open field" test the orientational-searching activity of experimental animals is raised in the amount of urinations and boluses is much smaller, shower also the emotional decrease.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 218-229

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NEW METHOD OF INVESTIGATION OF RED BLOOD SYSTEM
G.Ormotsadze, K.Nadareishvili

With in the framework of systems approach a new methodological approach has been developed for the investigation of the functional state of the red blood system (RBS), based on the analysis of population spectra (PS) of peripheral blood erythrocytes (PBE) - distribution of PBE according to their physiological state. The physiological state of erythrocytes is estimated by this methodological approach in terms of two parameters: degree of spherulation of cells and their volume.
By comparative analysis of PS obtained in human subjects under normal physiological condition and in different pathologies, and in rats under radiation pathologies, consistent changes revealed in the area of the surface and volume of PBE during their life cycle. By stationary approximation, based on the analysis of one population spectrum , it is supposed to the possible: 1) to determine the overall concentration of PBE and hematocrit, 2) to detect alteration of intensity of intensity of destruction (rate of aging), end consequently the PBE lifespan and intensity of stochastic perish of cells relative to the physiological norm, 3) to estimate the degree of erythropoiesis by means of analysis of distributions according to the volumes and area of the surface of young PBE fractions, 4) to evaluate the changes in rheological properties of circulating blood. In non-stationary (transient) conditions of RBS, the dynamics of changes in population spectra enables to visualize practically completely the PBE aging, gives the possibility of estimating such parameters of the system’s functional state, as is the intensity of erythropoiesis, aging rate and PBE elimination.

Georgian Academy of Sciences

Scientific Research Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Ecology

Radiation Studies, v IX, 2000, pp 230-258

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